{"id":9667,"date":"2023-12-30T02:13:10","date_gmt":"2023-12-29T19:13:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/?p=9667"},"modified":"2023-12-30T02:13:10","modified_gmt":"2023-12-29T19:13:10","slug":"breaking-barriers-to-longevity-for-black-americans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/?p=9667","title":{"rendered":"Breaking Barriers to Longevity for Black Americans"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"drop-cap text-big text-gray\"> <span class=\"drop-cap__first text-dropcap \">A<\/span>s her 113th birthday approaches, the list of traits that make <a href=\"https:\/\/theswellesleyreport.com\/2023\/03\/happy-112th-birthday-to-wellesleys-own-herlda-senhouse\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/theswellesleyreport.com\/2023\/03\/happy-112th-birthday-to-wellesleys-own-herlda-senhouse\/\">Herlda Senhouse<\/a> remarkable just keeps growing. She\u2019s mentally sharp, nimble enough to play the slots at a casino near her home, and still reads the newspaper without glasses. There\u2019s something else, though, that makes the Massachusetts woman a truly exceptional <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/super-agers\/\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/super-agers\/\">super-ager<\/a>, or someone who surpasses age 80 physically fit and cognitively intact: her Blackness.<\/div>\n<p>America is graying rapidly and profoundly, with the number of us living to 100\u2014many hitting that milestone in surprisingly good shape\u2014expected to grow sixfold by 2060, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.prb.org\/resources\/u-s-population-is-growing-older\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.prb.org\/resources\/u-s-population-is-growing-older\/\">pushing the ranks of U.S. centenarians to nearly 600,000<\/a>. Indeed, centenarians are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/news\/nih-commissioned-census-bureau-report-describes-oldest-americans\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/news\/nih-commissioned-census-bureau-report-describes-oldest-americans\">one of the fastest-growing segments of the U.S. population<\/a>, and 25 years from now, there will be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/short-reads\/2016\/04\/21\/worlds-centenarian-population-projected-to-grow-eightfold-by-2050\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/short-reads\/2016\/04\/21\/worlds-centenarian-population-projected-to-grow-eightfold-by-2050\/\">3.7 million 100-somethings globally<\/a>\u2014roughly equivalent to everyone now living in Connecticut or Los Angeles.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers at Stanford University\u2019s Center on Longevity, meanwhile, believe <a href=\"https:\/\/news.stanford.edu\/report\/2022\/08\/16\/wonderful-opportunity-rethinking-lifes-stages\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/news.stanford.edu\/report\/2022\/08\/16\/wonderful-opportunity-rethinking-lifes-stages\/\">half of today\u2019s five-year-olds can expect to join them<\/a>. And the United Nations says we stand at the dawn of \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/development\/desa\/en\/news\/population\/our-world-is-growing-older.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/development\/desa\/en\/news\/population\/our-world-is-growing-older.html\">a longevity revolution<\/a>\u201d driven by a wave of aging baby boomers and astonishing new medical advances in treating and even curing the things that kill us.<\/p>\n<p>But few centenarians look like Senhouse, who acknowledged in an interview for my new book, <a href=\"https:\/\/clicks.trx-hub.com\/xid\/leafgroup_ca5e0_wellgood?q=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FBig-100-New-World-Super-Aging%2Fdp%2F163576856X%3Ftag%3Dwgtrx12086-20%26asc_refurl%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.wellandgood.com%252Flongevity-black-americans%252F%26asc_source%3Ddirect%26asc_campaign%3Dno-campaign&amp;p=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wellandgood.com%2Flongevity-black-americans%2F&amp;event_type=click\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Big-100-New-World-Super-Aging\/dp\/163576856X\" data-type=\"affiliateLink\" data-aff-intermediate=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Big-100-New-World-Super-Aging\/dp\/163576856X?tag=wgtrx12086-20&amp;asc_refurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wellandgood.com%2Flongevity-black-americans%2F&amp;asc_source=direct&amp;asc_campaign=no-campaign\"><em>THE BIG 100: The New World of Super-Aging<\/em><\/a>: \u201cI\u2019ve had a journey I never thought I\u2019d ever have.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>Why the barriers to access for longevity are higher for Black people<\/h2>\n<p>Extreme longevity is an overwhelmingly white space: People of color account for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.census.gov\/newsroom\/releases\/archives\/2010_census\/cb12-239.html#:~:text=The%202010%20Census%20showed%20that,population%20was%2016.3%20percent%20Hispanic.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.census.gov\/newsroom\/releases\/archives\/2010_census\/cb12-239.html#:~:text=The%202010%20Census%20showed%20that,population%20was%2016.3%20percent%20Hispanic.\">fewer than two in 10<\/a> of all Americans who make it to a triple-digit age. Life, at its essence, is about time\u2014and white people get more of it than people of color do.<\/p>\n<div class=\"related-content \" style=\"\" data-module-init=\"related-content\" data-module-immediate=\"\" v-cloak=\"\">\n<div class=\"related-content__wrapper \" v-cloak=\"\" :class=\"{'is-loaded':isLoaded}\">\n<p> <span class=\"inline pr-6 text-seafoam-dark\">Related Stories<\/span> <\/p>\n<p> <related-content class=\"related-content__links\" parent-article-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/longevity-black-americans\/\" current-title=\"What Will It Take To Make Super-Aging Not So Super-White?\" current-image=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WG_Editorial_Superaging-x-racism-1-425x285_418x278_true_70.webp\" v-on:parsely-posts-loaded=\"onPostsLoaded\" start-date=\"2023-06-29\" tag=\"div\" inline-template=\"\" url=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/longevity-black-americans\/\" secret=\"w5ztterVB03LGZJLfXS0hf3EvQBuFFIWew9hmVQxthU\" apikey=\"wellandgood.com\" limit=\"3\"> <\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"related-content__card mb-[10px] sm:mb-[20px]\" :class=\"{'related-content__card--full':posts.length === 1}\" v-for=\"(post, key) in posts\"> <a v-on:click.prevent=\"trackLinkGA($event, key)\" :href=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/longevity-black-americans\/post.url\" data-url-source=\"related-content\" class=\"related-content__link\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"\"> <\/p>\n<div class=\"related-content__card--image bg-tan\" :style=\"{ backgroundImage: 'url(' + post.image_url + ')' }\"> <img :src=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/longevity-black-americans\/post.image_url\" :alt=\"post.title\"\/> <\/div>\n<p> <\/a>  <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p> <\/related-content> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/vsrr\/vsrr031.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/vsrr\/vsrr031.pdf\">average life expectancy for Black people<\/a> in the United States in 2022 (the most recent year for which figures are available) was 72.8 years. By contrast, white Americans could expect to live to 77.5 years, on average, that year. Nearly five years of existence separated the races.<\/p>\n<p>Figures\u00a0from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lay bare <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vitalsigns\/pdf\/2017-05-vitalsigns.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vitalsigns\/pdf\/2017-05-vitalsigns.pdf\">just how harrowing the racial gap in health and longevity is<\/a>: Black Americans ages 18 to 49 are twice as likely to die of heart disease than white Americans, and those ages 35 to 64 are 50 percent more likely to have high blood pressure.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Black Americans ages 18 to 49 are twice as likely to die of heart disease than white Americans, and those ages 35 to 64 are 50 percent more likely to have high blood pressure.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Experts in demography and racial injustice believe this disparity is a consequence of what\u2019s known as \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/what-is-weathering\/\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/what-is-weathering\/\">weathering theory<\/a>,\u201d the idea that the health of Black Americans begins to deteriorate in early adulthood as a physical consequence of socioeconomic disadvantages that add up and take a toll.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s already evident at the beginning of life, when Black mothers are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/11\/01\/health\/infant-mortality-rate-rise.html?smid=em-share\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/11\/01\/health\/infant-mortality-rate-rise.html?smid=em-share\">roughly three times as likely to die<\/a> during or after pregnancy, and their newborns face nearly double the risk of dying as that of white infants. And <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7790841\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" class=\"no-underline citation\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7790841\/\"><span>scientists believe weathering is a\u00a0factor<\/span><sup>1<\/sup><\/a> that keeps a disproportionate number of Black people from reaching or exceeding the age of 100.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sph.umich.edu\/faculty-profiles\/geronimus-arline.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/sph.umich.edu\/faculty-profiles\/geronimus-arline.html\">Arline Geronimus, ScD<\/a>, the University of Michigan public health and population researcher who coined the term \u201cweathering,\u201d has done pioneering work on the effects of poverty and structural racism on health and longevity. Black women in particular, Dr. Geronimus\u2019s research has found, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2861506\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" class=\"no-underline citation\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2861506\/\"><span>age faster and develop chronic diseases<\/span><sup>2<\/sup><\/a> such as high blood pressure earlier simply because of the stress of living in a society that discriminates against them. \u201cAccelerated biological aging,\u201d she calls it.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s one of the primary reasons COVID-19 had such a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/disparities-health-care-covid-19\/\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/disparities-health-care-covid-19\/\">disproportionate and devastating effect on\u00a0communities of color<\/a>, which tend to have higher incidences of hypertension, diabetes, and other chronic conditions that also increase the risk of being hospitalized or even dying from a respiratory disease like COVID. (COVID, of course, caused U.S. life expectancy for everyone to tumble, but the longer-term <a href=\"https:\/\/www.census.gov\/content\/dam\/Census\/library\/publications\/2020\/demo\/p25-1145.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.census.gov\/content\/dam\/Census\/library\/publications\/2020\/demo\/p25-1145.pdf\">trend lines<\/a> still point to significant life span gains for people of all races and ethnicities.)<\/p>\n<p>Adding to the sense of urgency for addressing this racial disparity in aging, the Census Bureau projects that in 2045, just a little over two decades from now, the United States will become a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/articles\/the-us-will-become-minority-white-in-2045-census-projects\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/articles\/the-us-will-become-minority-white-in-2045-census-projects\/\">\u201cminority white\u201d<\/a> nation. White people will constitute 49.7 percent of the population; Hispanic people, 24.6 percent; Black people, 13.1 percent; and Asian people, 7.9 percent. People identifying as multiracial will make up the remaining 3.8 percent. If the longevity gap remains, we\u2019ll have even more people of color with diminished life spans watching their white neighbors live appreciably longer.<\/p>\n<p>The climate crisis, of course, threatens us all. A 2023 study warns that more <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.066017\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" class=\"no-underline citation\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.066017\"><span>people in a warming world will die of heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure<\/span><sup>3<\/sup><\/a>, but it says Black adults would see more than four times the increase in cardiovascular deaths associated with extreme heat as their white counterparts. And wealthy white people hold another advantage over people of color with fewer resources: It\u2019s easier for them to move <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2018\/sep\/25\/climate-gentrification-phoenix-flagstaff-miami-rich-poor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2018\/sep\/25\/climate-gentrification-phoenix-flagstaff-miami-rich-poor\">away from areas imperiled by the effects of climate change<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Maddeningly, the life expectancy gap was narrowing and <a href=\"https:\/\/spia.princeton.edu\/news\/life-expectancy-gap-between-black-and-white-americans-closes-nearly-50-30-years\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/spia.princeton.edu\/news\/life-expectancy-gap-between-black-and-white-americans-closes-nearly-50-30-years\">would have closed in 2036<\/a>, but progress stalled around 2012 for reasons that still aren\u2019t entirely clear. Researchers, meanwhile, find that Black Americans tend to receive <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/08\/30\/upshot\/black-health-mortality-gap.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/08\/30\/upshot\/black-health-mortality-gap.html\">less\u2014and lower-quality\u2014care<\/a> for serious conditions across the board, as well as less preventive care <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24507906\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" class=\"no-underline citation\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24507906\/\"><span>due to systemic racism<\/span><sup>4<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>What it will take to eliminate the racial disparity in longevity<\/h2>\n<p>Outliers like Senhouse aside, if you\u2019re a Black American hoping to live to 100, are you doomed to a shorter life? Not necessarily.<\/p>\n<p>Over the past few decades, researchers have demonstrated a fascinating phenomenon that\u2019s become known as the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/rdc\/data\/b6\/lariscy-2017_prpr.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/rdc\/data\/b6\/lariscy-2017_prpr.pdf\">Black-white mortality crossover<\/a>.\u201d It says that Black Americans who reach 85 in good shape have demonstrated their survival prowess, and at that point, their ability to go on to 100 or older is demonstrably <em>better<\/em> than that of their white counterparts of the same age.<\/p>\n<p>Black people aged 85 and older \u201chave kind of gotten over this hump, and to get there, they had to be in amazing shape to fight all the problems of structural racism,\u201d says longevity expert <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/profile\/thomas-perls\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/camed\/profile\/thomas-perls\/\">Thomas T. Perls, MD, MPH<\/a>, founder and\u00a0director of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/centenarian\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.bumc.bu.edu\/centenarian\/\">New England Centenarian Study<\/a>. \u201cIf they&#8217;ve gotten to that point, they really have demonstrated this increased ability to age slowly and get to a very old age.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>How can we give everyone\u2014including Black Americans\u2014an equal shot at achieving extreme longevity? There are no easy answers, but it\u2019s going to take a functioning democracy that responds to the needs of <em>all<\/em> of its citizens by ensuring everyone is paid a living wage; gets equal access to quality health care; and has affordable and healthy alternatives to fast food, a basic need that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aecf.org\/blog\/exploring-americas-food-deserts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.aecf.org\/blog\/exploring-americas-food-deserts\">eludes millions living in urban food deserts<\/a>.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>For far too many people, fresh food, time to exercise, and access to preventive health care are inaccessible luxuries.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Setting aside a favorable family history, studies show you\u2019re a prime candidate for making it to 100 if you have a good socioeconomic status at midlife; you\u2019re a nonsmoker; you eat a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/diets-for-longevity\/\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/diets-for-longevity\/\">whole-food, plant-forward diet<\/a>; and you <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/best-exercises-for-longevity\/\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.wellandgood.com\/best-exercises-for-longevity\/\">exercise or move your body regularly<\/a>. But here\u2019s the catch: For far too many people, fresh food, time to exercise, and access to preventive health care are inaccessible luxuries.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGood food, time to exercise, and access to reasonable health care\u2026are in short supply in many parts of the U.S.,\u201d says sociologist <a href=\"https:\/\/bethtruesdale.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/bethtruesdale.org\/\">Beth C. Truesdale, PhD<\/a>, a research fellow studying inequities in aging and work at the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.upjohn.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.upjohn.org\/\">W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Much of Dr. Truesdale\u2019s research has examined the effects of toxic stress on aging bodies\u2014and if anyone in American society is hammered relentlessly by stress, it\u2019s people of color. \u201cThose of us who live pretty cushy lives often think stress is like, \u2018Oh, I&#8217;ve got a work deadline,\u2019\u201d she says. \u201cBut the kind of stress that comes from, \u2018There\u2019s no way I can pay the rent. I&#8217;m going to get evicted;\u2019 the kind of stress that comes from, \u2018I cannot stretch the budget to the end of the month, and somebody is going to have to eat less, or less well, than I wish they could\u2019\u2014those sorts of stress really get to the body.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Toxic stress also manifests in more insidious ways. Wendy McCrae-Owoeye, a Rhode Islander who identifies as biracial, says she\u2019s constantly worrying about her 22-year-old son being stopped by police in Providence. McCrae-Owoeye\u2019s grandmother lived to 104, but at 56, she answers quickly when asked about a 100-year life for herself: \u201cI hope not. I mean, if my destiny is to live to be 100, then I hope it\u2019s a productive 100 years. But if it\u2019s a situation where there\u2019s pain and turmoil, I don\u2019t want to be here.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Within the realm of longevity and diet, University of California-Berkeley sociologist <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/caitlin-daniel-9b07467b\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/caitlin-daniel-9b07467b\/\">Caitlin Daniel, PhD<\/a>, has done intriguing work examining why <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0277953620300423?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" class=\"no-underline citation\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0277953620300423?via%3Dihub\"><span>low-income parents tend to buy less healthy food for their children<\/span><sup>5<\/sup><\/a> than higher-income parents do (beyond issues of cost, access, food deserts, and the time and energy it takes to prepare healthy foods without a stable work schedule). Through interviews with parents at grocery stores, Dr. Daniel discovered that higher-income parents can afford to buy broccoli 20 times\u2014even if their child refuses to eat it 19 times\u2014to teach them to eventually appreciate food that\u2019s good for them. Lower-income parents, by contrast, can\u2019t afford to waste food, so they buy something less nutritious they <em>know<\/em> their kid will eat.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s the same set of realities that prompts a single parent working two jobs to resort to a fast-food drive-thru, if only because it\u2019s cheap and they know their kids will eat it. Millions of Americans make these decisions every day\u2014not necessarily because they want to, but because it\u2019s an affordable path of least resistance. In the long term, however, it undermines their health.<\/p>\n<p>Sociologists and think tanks tick off some practical fixes. For starters, raise the income of people in the bottom half through a higher federal minimum wage. Provide a more robust safety net for people who have disabilities and those who are out of work. Give workers a greater voice, partly by reviving labor unions which, until recently, had unspooled badly over the last few decades. (Unions now look to be having a resurgence, judging from new gains by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2023\/aug\/28\/will-starbucks-union-busting-stifle-a-union-rebirth-in-the-us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2023\/aug\/28\/will-starbucks-union-busting-stifle-a-union-rebirth-in-the-us\">Starbucks baristas<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/entertainment\/tv\/2023\/10\/09\/wga-strike-ends-writers-ratify-contract\/71124196007\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/entertainment\/tv\/2023\/10\/09\/wga-strike-ends-writers-ratify-contract\/71124196007\/\">Hollywood scriptwriters<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/10\/31\/business\/economy\/uaw-labor.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/10\/31\/business\/economy\/uaw-labor.html\">Big Three auto workers<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<p>And find ways to help more people, including more Black Americans, enjoy the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/articles\/accounting-for-the-widening-mortality-gap-between-american-adults-with-and-without-a-ba\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/articles\/accounting-for-the-widening-mortality-gap-between-american-adults-with-and-without-a-ba\/\">longevity benefits of a college degree<\/a>\u2014which stretch far beyond the bank. Education helps us speak up for ourselves. People who have college educations are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/06\/03\/upshot\/education-impact-health-longevity.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/06\/03\/upshot\/education-impact-health-longevity.html\">more likely to be taken seriously at a doctor&#8217;s office<\/a>\u00a0and to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5570614\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" class=\"no-underline citation\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5570614\/\"><span>take care of their own health<\/span><sup>6<\/sup><\/a>. They\u2019re also <a href=\"https:\/\/clicks.trx-hub.com\/xid\/leafgroup_ca5e0_wellgood?q=https%3A%2F%2Fgo.skimresources.com%3Fid%3D104860X1561639%26xs%3D1%26xcust%3DSTMSHL-1144801%26url%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.nature.com%252Farticles%252Fs41598-022-17536-x&amp;p=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wellandgood.com%2Flongevity-black-americans%2F&amp;event_type=click\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" class=\"no-underline citation\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-17536-x\" data-type=\"affiliateLink\" data-aff-intermediate=\"https:\/\/go.skimresources.com?id=104860X1561639&amp;xs=1&amp;xcust=STMSHL-1144801&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41598-022-17536-x\"><span>less likely to smoke<\/span><sup>7<\/sup><\/a>, or to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wm.edu\/news\/stories\/2021\/study-examines-why-college-education-leads-to-healthier-and-longer-lives.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.wm.edu\/news\/stories\/2021\/study-examines-why-college-education-leads-to-healthier-and-longer-lives.php\">face dangerous work conditions<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/equitablegrowth.org\/excessive-heat-harms-u-s-workers-unequally-as-the-safety-risks-from-climate-change-soar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/equitablegrowth.org\/excessive-heat-harms-u-s-workers-unequally-as-the-safety-risks-from-climate-change-soar\/\">work outside in the heat<\/a>\u00a0in agriculture, construction, and landscaping jobs, which lead to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.citizen.org\/article\/hot-take\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.citizen.org\/article\/hot-take\/\">poorer health<\/a> than white-collar professions pursued in air-conditioned offices and homes.<\/p>\n<p>As long as something as random as being born in the wrong ZIP code can shorten our lives, lifting communities of color out of poverty will always be the key. \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/being-born-in-the-wrong-zip-code-can-shorten-your-life-104037\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/being-born-in-the-wrong-zip-code-can-shorten-your-life-104037\">Neighborhoods with large Black populations tend to have lower life expectancies<\/a>,\u201d writes <a href=\"https:\/\/www.american.edu\/cas\/faculty\/jessica.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" data-vars-event=\"body text\" data-vars-click-url=\"https:\/\/www.american.edu\/cas\/faculty\/jessica.cfm\">Jessica Owens-Young, PhD<\/a>, an associate professor of health studies at American University, in a commentary for <em>The Conversation<\/em>. And it&#8217;s not because of the individual people within them; those predominantly Black neighborhoods are also more likely than majority white neighborhoods to have limited access to longevity-boosting resources, like healthy food and green space. \u201cPlace, race, and class shape how well, and how long, people live,\u201d writes Dr. Owens-Young.<\/p>\n<p>Failing to act isn\u2019t an option. If we don\u2019t take steps to close the longevity gap, our very life spans threaten to inflame the unjust divide that already separates the haves and the have-nots.<\/p>\n<p>Having beaten the harsh odds herself, 112-year-old Senhouse\u2014who credits her own longevity to staying active and positive, and maintaining a live-and-let-live approach\u2014remains hopeful the centenarians of the future will look more like her. \u201cWe\u2019re not going anywhere,\u201d she says. \u201cSo they might as well live with us.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"block-thin post-citations mt-[40px] mb-[30px]\" data-module-init=\"main-2020\/post-citations\" data-module-immediate=\"true\">\n<hr class=\"!border-seafoam-dark mb-[24px]\"\/>\n<div class=\"post-citations-content flex flex-col gap-[24px]\">\n<p>Well+Good articles reference scientific, reliable, recent, robust studies to back up the information we share. You can trust us along your wellness journey.<\/p>\n<div>\n<ol class=\"!ml-[18px] !mt-0\">\n<li>\n              Simons, Ronald L et al. \u201cThe effects of social adversity, discrimination, and health risk behaviors on the accelerated aging of African Americans: Further support for the weathering hypothesis.\u201d\u00a0<i>Social science &amp; medicine (1982)<\/i>\u00a0vol. 282 (2021): 113169. doi:10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113169            <\/li>\n<li>\n              Geronimus, Arline T et al. \u201cDo US Black Women Experience Stress-Related Accelerated Biological Aging?: A Novel Theory and First Population-Based Test of Black-White Differences in Telomere Length.\u201d\u00a0<i>Human nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.)<\/i>\u00a0vol. 21,1 (2010): 19-38. doi:10.1007\/s12110-010-9078-0            <\/li>\n<li>\n              Khatana, Sameed Ahmed M et al. \u201cProjected Change in the Burden of Excess Cardiovascular Deaths Associated With Extreme Heat by Midcentury (2036-2065) in the Contiguous United States.\u201d\u00a0<i>Circulation<\/i>\u00a0vol. 148,20 (2023): 1559-1569. doi:10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.066017            <\/li>\n<li>\n              Feagin, Joe, and Zinobia Bennefield. \u201cSystemic racism and U.S. health care.\u201d\u00a0<i>Social science &amp; medicine (1982)<\/i>\u00a0vol. 103 (2014): 7-14. doi:10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.09.006            <\/li>\n<li>\n              Daniel, Caitlin. \u201cIs healthy eating too expensive?: How low-income parents evaluate the cost of food.\u201d\u00a0<i>Social science &amp; medicine (1982)<\/i>\u00a0vol. 248 (2020): 112823. doi:10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.112823            <\/li>\n<li>\n              Lawrence, Elizabeth M. \u201cWhy Do College Graduates Behave More Healthfully than Those Who Are Less Educated?.\u201d\u00a0<i>Journal of health and social behavior<\/i>\u00a0vol. 58,3 (2017): 291-306. doi:10.1177\/0022146517715671            <\/li>\n<li>\n              Silventoinen, Karri et al. \u201cSmoking remains associated with education after controlling for social background and genetic factors in a study of 18 twin cohorts.\u201d\u00a0<i>Scientific reports<\/i>\u00a0vol. 12,1 13148. 31 Jul. 2022, doi:10.1038\/s41598-022-17536-x            <\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<hr class=\"!border-seafoam-dark mt-[24px]\"\/>\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"disclaimers__after_content mb-[18px] mt-[16px] pt-[16px]\">\n<div class=\"outline-earmark relative mt-[8px] pt-[10px] pl-[20px]\">\n<p>\n            Our editors independently select these products. Making a purchase through our links may earn Well+Good a commission.          <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div data-type=\"_mgwidget\" data-widget-id=\"1675549\">\r\n<\/div>\r\n<script>(function(w,q){w[q]=w[q]||[];w[q].push([\"_mgc.load\"])})(window,\"_mgq\");\r\n<\/script>\r\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As her 113th birthday approaches, the list of traits that make Herlda Senhouse remarkable just keeps growing. She\u2019s mentally sharp, nimble enough to play the slots at a casino near her home, and still reads the newspaper without glasses. There\u2019s something else, though, that makes the Massachusetts woman a truly exceptional super-ager, or someone who &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9668,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"As her 113th birthday approaches, the list of traits that make Herlda Senhouse remarkable just keeps growing. She\u2019s mentally sharp, nimble enough to play the slots at a casino near her home, and still reads the newspaper without glasses. 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