{"id":13151,"date":"2025-01-30T21:06:55","date_gmt":"2025-01-30T14:06:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/?p=13151"},"modified":"2025-01-30T21:06:55","modified_gmt":"2025-01-30T14:06:55","slug":"different-types-of-covid-19-vaccines-how-they-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/?p=13151","title":{"rendered":"Different types of COVID-19 vaccines: How they work"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"main-content\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"main\">\n<!--googleon: all--><\/p>\n<div class=\"by\">\n<h2>Different types of COVID-19 vaccines: How they work<\/h2>\n<p><em><\/p>\n<p>Understand how different vaccine technologies work with the immune system to provide protection.<\/p>\n<p><\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/about-this-site\/meet-our-medical-editors\">By Mayo Clinic Staff<\/a><\/div>\n<p>COVID-19 vaccines lower your risk of getting sick, seriously ill or dying from the disease. But how do the different types of COVID-19 vaccines work?<\/p>\n<p>Each COVID-19 vaccine causes the immune system to create proteins called antibodies. These proteins fight infection with the COVID-19 virus. COVID-19 vaccines use a harmless version of a spikelike structure called an S protein on the surface of the COVID-19 virus.<\/p>\n<p>There are a few main types of COVID-19 vaccines.<\/p>\n<h3>Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine<\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"image-gallery single access-modal right p-3\">\n<button id=\"button51298227\" class=\"modal-trigger image-lightbox\" onclick=\"openDialog('dialogId51298227', this, 'label51298227', 'modal-lightbox'); return false;\">&#13;<br \/>\n\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/-\/media\/kcms\/gbs\/patient-consumer\/images\/2021\/07\/30\/22\/06\/covid-illustrations-mrna-8col.jpg\" alt=\"mRNA vaccine\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\/>&#13;<br \/>\n\t<span><span class=\"myc-visuallyhidden\">Enlarge image<\/span><\/span>&#13;<br \/>\n<\/button><br \/>\n<span class=\"caption\"><\/p>\n<p>mRNA vaccine<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"dialog-backdrop\">\n<div id=\"dialogId51298227\" role=\"dialog\" aria-labelledby=\"label51298227\" aria-modal=\"true\" class=\"hidden\" data-url-tracking=\"true\">\n<div class=\"image-lightbox-container\">\n<p>&#13;<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"modal-close\" onclick=\"closeDialog(this, event)\">&#13;<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"caption myc-visuallyhidden\">Close<\/span>&#13;<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/button>&#13;\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"label51298227\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"myc-visuallyhidden\">mRNA vaccine<\/h3>\n<p>\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/-\/media\/kcms\/gbs\/patient-consumer\/images\/2021\/07\/30\/22\/06\/covid-illustrations-mrna-8col.jpg\" alt=\"mRNA vaccine\"\/><\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>An mRNA vaccine gives cells instructions for how to make the S protein found on the surface of the COVID-19 virus. After vaccination, the body&#8217;s muscle cells begin making the protein pieces and showing them on cell surfaces. This causes the body to create antibodies. Then if you catch the COVID-19 virus, these antibodies are used to help clear out the virus.<\/p>\n<p>Once the protein pieces are made, your cells break down the instructions and get rid of them. The mRNA in the vaccine doesn&#8217;t enter the nucleus of the cell, where DNA is kept. Both the Pfizer-BioNTech and the Moderna COVID-19 vaccines use mRNA.<\/p>\n<h3>Vector vaccine<\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"image-gallery single access-modal right p-3\">\n<button id=\"button33648607\" class=\"modal-trigger image-lightbox\" onclick=\"openDialog('dialogId33648607', this, 'label33648607', 'modal-lightbox'); return false;\">&#13;<br \/>\n\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/-\/media\/kcms\/gbs\/patient-consumer\/images\/2021\/07\/30\/22\/06\/covid-illustrations-viral-vector-8col.jpg\" alt=\"Viral vector vaccine\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\/>&#13;<br \/>\n\t<span><span class=\"myc-visuallyhidden\">Enlarge image<\/span><\/span>&#13;<br \/>\n<\/button><br \/>\n<span class=\"caption\"><\/p>\n<p>Viral vector vaccine<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"dialog-backdrop\">\n<div id=\"dialogId33648607\" role=\"dialog\" aria-labelledby=\"label33648607\" aria-modal=\"true\" class=\"hidden\" data-url-tracking=\"true\">\n<div class=\"image-lightbox-container\">\n<p>&#13;<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"modal-close\" onclick=\"closeDialog(this, event)\">&#13;<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"caption myc-visuallyhidden\">Close<\/span>&#13;<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/button>&#13;\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"label33648607\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"myc-visuallyhidden\">Viral vector vaccine<\/h3>\n<p>\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/-\/media\/kcms\/gbs\/patient-consumer\/images\/2021\/07\/30\/22\/06\/covid-illustrations-viral-vector-8col.jpg\" alt=\"Viral vector vaccine\"\/><\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>In this type of vaccine, material from the virus that causes COVID-19 is placed in a modified version of a different virus. This different virus is called a viral vector. The viral vector gives cells instructions to make copies of the COVID-19 virus S protein.<\/p>\n<p>Once the cells display the S proteins on their surfaces, the immune system responds by creating antibodies and defensive white blood cells. If infection with the virus that causes COVID-19 happens later, the antibodies help clear out the virus.<\/p>\n<p>Viral vector vaccines can&#8217;t cause infection with the COVID-19 virus or the viral vector virus. The Johnson &amp; Johnson COVID-19 vaccine is a vector vaccine that&#8217;s no longer used in the United States.<\/p>\n<h3>Protein subunit vaccine<\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"image-gallery single access-modal right p-3\">\n<button id=\"button2228211\" class=\"modal-trigger image-lightbox\" onclick=\"openDialog('dialogId2228211', this, 'label2228211', 'modal-lightbox'); return false;\">&#13;<br \/>\n\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/-\/media\/kcms\/gbs\/patient-consumer\/images\/2021\/10\/05\/15\/20\/covid-illustrations-antigen6-8col.jpg\" alt=\"Protein subunit vaccine\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\/>&#13;<br \/>\n\t<span><span class=\"myc-visuallyhidden\">Enlarge image<\/span><\/span>&#13;<br \/>\n<\/button><br \/>\n<span class=\"caption\"><\/p>\n<p>Protein subunit vaccine<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"dialog-backdrop\">\n<div id=\"dialogId2228211\" role=\"dialog\" aria-labelledby=\"label2228211\" aria-modal=\"true\" class=\"hidden\" data-url-tracking=\"true\">\n<div class=\"image-lightbox-container\">\n<p>&#13;<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"modal-close\" onclick=\"closeDialog(this, event)\">&#13;<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"caption myc-visuallyhidden\">Close<\/span>&#13;<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/button>&#13;\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"label2228211\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"myc-visuallyhidden\">Protein subunit vaccine<\/h3>\n<p>\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/-\/media\/kcms\/gbs\/patient-consumer\/images\/2021\/10\/05\/15\/20\/covid-illustrations-antigen6-8col.jpg\" alt=\"Protein subunit vaccine\"\/><\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Subunit vaccines include only the parts of a virus that best stimulate the immune system. This type of COVID-19 vaccine has harmless S proteins in it. Once the immune system recognizes the S proteins, it creates antibodies and defensive white blood cells. If infection with the COVID-19 virus happens later, the antibodies help clear out the virus.<\/p>\n<p>The Novavax COVID-19 vaccine is a protein subunit vaccine.<\/p>\n<h3>COVID-19 vaccines<\/h3>\n<p>The COVID-19 vaccines available in the United States are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine 2024-2025 formula, available for people age 6 months and older.<\/li>\n<li>Moderna COVID-19 vaccine 2024-2025 formula, available for people age 6 months and older.<\/li>\n<li>Novavax COVID-19 vaccine, adjuvanted 2024-2025 formula, available for people age 12 years and older.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Getting vaccinations as they are updated and on schedule gives you the best protection against COVID-19.<\/p>\n<p><!--googleoff: all--><\/p>\n<div class=\"contentbox no-border\">\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/~\/media\/kcms\/ux\/css\/newslettereh.css\"\/>\n<article>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"content\">\n<p>\n                \u00a0\n            <\/p>\n<div class=\"myc-subscription-form\" data-sending-url=\"https:\/\/s74881809.t.eloqua.com\/e\/f2\" data-name-form=\"MKT.PES.HC.EmailSignup2\" data-last-step=\"true\">\n<div class=\"myc-step-container\">\n<div class=\"myc-subscription-step-wrapper\" id=\"first-step\" aria-describedby=\"formTitle\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<h2 class=\"eh-title-main\" id=\"formTitle\">From Mayo Clinic to your inbox<br \/>\n                        <\/h2>\n<p class=\"myc-subscription-intro\">Sign up for free and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips, current health topics, and expertise on managing health. <a href=\"https:\/\/links.e.response.mayoclinic.org\/EmailPreview-GeneralHealth\">Click here for an email preview.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"acces-show-hide\" data-show=\"\" data-hide=\"\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"myc-info\">Learn more about Mayo Clinic\u2019s use of data.<\/button><\/p>\n<div id=\"myc-info\">\n<p>To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information, and understand which<br \/>\n                                information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with<br \/>\n                                other information we have about you. 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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/covid\/vaccines\/how-they-work.html. Accessed Oct. 11, 2024.<\/li>\n<li>The different types of COVID-19 vaccines. World Health Organization. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/feature-stories\/detail\/the-race-for-a-covid-19-vaccine-explained. Accessed Feb. 3, 2021.<\/li>\n<li>Edwards KM, et al. COVID-19: Vaccines. https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/search. Accessed Oct. 11, 2024.<\/li>\n<li>Amanat F, et al. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: Status report. Immunity. 2020; doi:10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.03.007.<\/li>\n<li>Staying up to date with COVID-19 vaccines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/covid\/vaccines\/stay-up-to-date.html. Accessed Oct. 11, 2024.<\/li>\n<li>Vaccine types. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/immunization\/basics\/types\/index.html. Accessed Feb. 2, 2021.<\/li>\n<li>Vaccine types. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. https:\/\/www.niaid.nih.gov\/research\/vaccine-types. Accessed Feb. 2, 2021.<\/li>\n<li>Real-time learning network vaccines FAQ. Infectious Diseases Society of America. https:\/\/www.idsociety.org. Accessed Oct. 11, 2024.<\/li>\n<li>Vaxzevria (previously COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca). European Medicines Agency. https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/medicines\/human\/EPAR\/vaxzevria. Accessed Oct. 11, 2024.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/coronavirus\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20479963\" class=\"blocklink\">See more In-depth<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!--googleoff: all--><\/p>\n<p><!--googleon: all--><\/p>\n<p><!--googleoff: all--><\/p>\n<p><!--googleon: all--><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#13;<br \/>\n                    .&#13;\n                <\/p>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/coronavirus\/in-depth\/different-types-of-covid-19-vaccines\/art-20506465\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Different types of COVID-19 vaccines: How they work Understand how different vaccine technologies work with the immune system to provide protection. By Mayo Clinic Staff COVID-19 vaccines lower your risk of getting sick, seriously ill or dying from the disease. But how do the different types of COVID-19 vaccines work? Each COVID-19 vaccine causes the &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13151","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13151","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13151"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13151\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13151"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13151"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13151"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}