{"id":11927,"date":"2024-10-31T20:30:35","date_gmt":"2024-10-31T13:30:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/?p=11927"},"modified":"2024-10-31T20:30:35","modified_gmt":"2024-10-31T13:30:35","slug":"breast-cancer-types-what-your-type-means","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/loudhdtv.com\/?p=11927","title":{"rendered":"Breast cancer types: What your type means"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3711241968723425\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"main-content\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"main\">\n<!--googleon: all--><\/p>\n<div class=\"by\">\n<h2>Breast cancer types: What your type means<\/h2>\n<p><em><\/p>\n<p>Not all breast cancers are the same. Find out how healthcare professionals decide the breast cancer type and what it means.<\/p>\n<p><\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/about-this-site\/meet-our-medical-editors\">By Mayo Clinic Staff<\/a><\/div>\n<p>One thing your healthcare team considers when making your breast cancer treatment plan is the type of breast cancer that you have. The type tells your healthcare team about the cells that make up your breast cancer. Your team uses this information to choose the treatments that are most likely to help you.<\/p>\n<p>Much of the information about your type of breast cancer can be found in a pathology report. A pathology report is made by the doctors who test samples of your breast cancer cells in a lab. These doctors are called pathologists. Ask a member of your healthcare team to help you understand what your pathology report means.<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s a look at what&#8217;s considered when deciding what type of breast cancer you have.<\/p>\n<h3>What kinds of cells are involved in the breast cancer?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"image-gallery single access-modal right p-3\">\n<button id=\"button56811174\" class=\"modal-trigger image-lightbox\" onclick=\"openDialog('dialogId56811174', this, 'label56811174', 'modal-lightbox'); return false;\">&#13;<br \/>\n\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/-\/media\/kcms\/gbs\/patient-consumer\/images\/2013\/11\/15\/17\/39\/ds00328_-ds00982_-ds000983_-ds01063_-ds01070_-hq00348_im01880_r7_breastthu_jpg.jpg\" alt=\"Main parts of the breast\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\/>&#13;<br \/>\n\t<span><span class=\"myc-visuallyhidden\">Enlarge image<\/span><\/span>&#13;<br \/>\n<\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"dialog-backdrop\">\n<div id=\"dialogId56811174\" role=\"dialog\" aria-labelledby=\"label56811174\" aria-modal=\"true\" class=\"hidden\" data-url-tracking=\"true\">\n<div class=\"image-lightbox-container\">\n<p>&#13;<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"modal-close\" onclick=\"closeDialog(this, event)\">&#13;<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"caption myc-visuallyhidden\">Close<\/span>&#13;<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t<\/button>&#13;\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"label56811174\" tabindex=\"-1\" class=\"myc-visuallyhidden\">Breast anatomy<\/h3>\n<p>\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/-\/media\/kcms\/gbs\/patient-consumer\/images\/2013\/11\/15\/17\/39\/ds00328_-ds00982_-ds000983_-ds01063_-ds01070_-hq00348_im01880_r7_breastthu_jpg.jpg\" alt=\"Main parts of the breast\"\/><\/p>\n<div class=\"text lightbox-text\">\n<h3 aria-hidden=\"true\">Breast anatomy<\/h3>\n<p>Each breast contains 15 to 20 lobes of glandular tissue, arranged like the petals of a daisy. The lobes are further divided into smaller lobules that produce milk for breastfeeding. Small tubes, called ducts, conduct the milk to a reservoir that lies just beneath the nipple.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Pathologists in the lab look at the kind of cells that make up the breast cancer. Kinds of cells include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ductal cells.<\/strong> Ductal breast cancer, also called ductal carcinoma, is the most common type of breast cancer. This type of cancer starts in cells in the lining of a milk duct within the breast. The ducts can carry breast milk to the nipple.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lobular cells.<\/strong> Lobular breast cancer, also called lobular carcinoma, starts in the lobules of the breast. The lobules can make breast milk. The lobules are connected to the ducts, which can carry breast milk to the nipple.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Connective tissue cells.<\/strong> Rarely, cancer in the breast is made up of connective tissue cells. Connective tissue includes the muscles, fat and blood vessels. Cancer that begins in the connective tissue is called soft tissue sarcoma. Examples of rare breast sarcomas include angiosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lymphatic system cells.<\/strong> Lymphoma is a cancer that starts in the cells of the lymphatic system. Very rarely, lymphoma can start in lymphatic system cells in the breast. Most breast lymphomas are a kind of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>How do the cancer cells look under a microscope?<\/h3>\n<p>When looking at the breast cancer cells with a microscope, the pathologist looks for:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Cancer cells with unique appearances.<\/strong> Some subtypes of breast cancer are named for the way they look under the microscope. Subtypes include tubular, mucinous, medullary and micropapillary. Your subtype gives your healthcare team some clues about your prognosis and how your cells may respond to treatment.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Differences between the cancer cells and healthy cells.<\/strong> How different the cancer cells look from healthy cells is called the cancer&#8217;s grade. Breast cancer grades go from 1 to 3. A grade 1 breast cancer has cells that look a little different from healthy cells. It generally means the cancer is likely to grow more slowly. A grade 3 breast cancer has cells that look very different from healthy cells. It generally means that the cancer is more likely to grow quickly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Are the cancer cells fueled by hormones?<\/h3>\n<p>Some breast cancers are sensitive to the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Pathologists look for hormone receptors on the outside of the breast cancer cells. Cancer cells use these receptors to catch hormones that are circulating in the body. The cells use the hormones for fuel to grow the cancer.<\/p>\n<p>Hormone status of breast cancers includes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Estrogen receptor positive.<\/strong> A breast cancer that&#8217;s estrogen receptor positive, also called ER positive, has receptors for the hormone estrogen. Treatment with hormone therapy can block the growth of the cancer cells. Another term for breast cancer hormone therapy is endocrine therapy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Progesterone receptor positive.<\/strong> A breast cancer that&#8217;s progesterone receptor positive, also called PR positive, has receptors for the hormone progesterone. Treatment with endocrine therapy can block the growth of the cancer cells.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hormone receptor negative.<\/strong> A breast cancer that doesn&#8217;t have hormone receptors is hormone receptor negative, also called HR negative. Endocrine therapy that blocks hormones in the body doesn&#8217;t work for this type of breast cancer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Most breast cancers have hormone receptors.<\/p>\n<h3>Do the cancer cells make extra HER2?<\/h3>\n<p>Some breast cancer cells make too much of a protein called human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2, also called HER2. Healthy breast cells make some <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr>, but the cancer cells can make a lot more. Tests in the lab can show whether your breast cancer cells make extra <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr>.<\/p>\n<p>Tests for <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> can show whether your breast cancer is:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> positive.<\/strong> Breast cancer cells that make a lot of extra <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> protein are called <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> positive. Targeted therapy treatments with medicine that hurts cells making too much <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> can help control this kind of breast cancer.<\/li>\n<li><strong><abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> low.<\/strong> Breast cancer is called <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> low if some of the cancer cells show signs of making extra <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr>. This result can happen if only some of the cells are making extra <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr>. It also might mean the cells making <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> are making low levels of the protein. Targeted therapy against <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> may be a treatment option for <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> low breast cancers in certain situations.<\/li>\n<li><strong><abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> negative.<\/strong> If the breast cancer cells don&#8217;t make extra <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr>, then the cancer is <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> negative. Targeted therapy against the <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> protein won&#8217;t work for these breast cancers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>About half of breast cancers are believed to be <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> low. Treatment for <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr>-low breast cancer is an active area of cancer research.<\/p>\n<h3>What are some types of breast cancer?<\/h3>\n<p>Some types of breast cancer include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ductal carcinoma in situ.<\/strong> Ductal carcinoma in situ, also called DCIS, is a type of breast cancer that&#8217;s not invasive. It happens when cancer cells form in a breast duct. The cancer cells stay in the duct and don&#8217;t spread into the breast tissue. It&#8217;s sometimes called noninvasive cancer or stage 0 breast cancer.<\/li>\n<li><strong><abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr>-positive breast cancer.<\/strong> A <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr>-positive breast cancer is any invasive breast cancer that makes a lot of extra <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> protein. <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr>-positive breast cancers tend to grow more quickly. But treatment with targeted therapy medicines that hurt cells making extra <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> is very effective against these cancers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Invasive ductal carcinoma.<\/strong> Invasive ductal carcinoma is a type of breast cancer that starts in a breast duct. It&#8217;s the most common type of breast cancer.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Invasive lobular carcinoma.<\/strong> Invasive lobular carcinoma is a type of breast cancer that starts in a milk gland in the breast, also called a lobule.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Triple-negative breast cancer.<\/strong> A triple-negative breast cancer means the cancer cells don&#8217;t have receptors for <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> or for the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Treatments with medicine that targets <abbr title=\"human epithelial growth factor-receptor 2\">HER2<\/abbr> won&#8217;t work against this kind of breast cancer. Endocrine therapy to block hormones in the body also won&#8217;t work.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To plan the best treatment for you, your healthcare team considers your breast cancer type and many other factors. These other factors include the cancer&#8217;s stage and the likelihood that the cancer will come back after treatment. 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American College of Pathologists. https:\/\/www.cap.org\/protocols-and-guidelines\/cancer-reporting-tools\/cancer-protocol-templates. Accessed March 4, 2024.<\/li>\n<li>Chugh R, et al. Breast sarcoma: Epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis and staging. https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/search. Accessed Feb. 29, 2024.<\/li>\n<li>Breast cancer treatment \u2013 Patient version. National Cancer Institute. https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/types\/breast\/patient\/breast-treatment-pdq. Accessed Feb. 29, 2024.<\/li>\n<li>Klimberg VS, et al., eds. Bland and Copeland&#8217;s The Breast: Comprehensive Management of Benign and Malignant Diseases. 6th ed. Elsevier; 2024. https:\/\/www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Feb. 29, 2024.<\/li>\n<li>Bleiweiss IJ. Pathology of breast cancer. https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/search. Accessed Feb. 16, 2024.<\/li>\n<li>Roy AM, et al. A review of treatment options in HER2-low breast cancer and proposed treatment sequencing algorithm. Cancer. 2023; doi:10.1002\/cncr.34904.<\/li>\n<li>Breast cancer. Cancer.Net. https:\/\/www.cancer.net\/cancer-types\/breast-cancer\/view-all. 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Find out how healthcare professionals decide the breast cancer type and what it means. By Mayo Clinic Staff One thing your healthcare team considers when making your breast cancer treatment plan is the type of breast cancer that you have. 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